The Mare's disease virus is the source of Marek Disease, a highly contagious viral illness that affects hens (MDV). It is one of the most prevalent illnesses affecting poultry and can result in considerable financial losses for the sector. The condition is known as Mare Disease after Józef Marek, who originally identified it in Poland in 1907. Mare Disease can spread through infected surfaces, feathers, and dust in addition to being largely contracted through inhalation of viral particles. There are substantial mortality rates due to the virus's strong contagiousness and ability to spread quickly within a flock. If a bird contracts Mare Disease, it might continue to discharge the virus for the rest of its life, making disease management exceedingly challenging.
Depending on the virus strain, the age of the bird, and the bird's immune system, Marek Disease symptoms might differ greatly from one bird to another. Muscle wasting, ataxia (lack of coordination), paralysis, weight loss, and tumours are typical signs. Infected birds occasionally may not exhibit any outward signs of illness, but they can still release the virus and infect other birds. The growth of tumours, which can affect a variety of systems including the nerves, liver, and reproductive system of the bird, is one of the Mare Disease's most serious side effects. Birds with tumours are susceptible to organ failure and rapid death without any warning signs. Marek Disease, which can result in lower egg production and higher mortality rates, can have a considerable negative economic impact on the chicken sector. While infected birds may develop tumours or other health issues that impact the meat's look and flavour, the disease can also result in a decrease in the quality of the meat. An essential component of poultry management is the prevention and treatment of mare disease. The most reliable method of preventing Mare Disease is vaccination, and the majority of commercial flocks of chicken are protected against it. To guarantee the greatest level of protection, vaccination should be administered at a young age, ideally during the first few days of life. For the purpose of preventing the spread of Mare Disease, sound biosecurity procedures are also crucial. This includes taking stringent cleanliness precautions to stop the virus from spreading through contaminated surfaces, tools, or feed. The danger of infection can also be decreased by isolating diseased birds and exercising strong control over visitors and employees. Chicken Vaccine because of the rise in poultry diseases, the need for reliable food sources, and the positive government actions in this area.Genetic selection for disease resistance can help control Marek Disease in addition to immunisation and biosecurity measures. Breeding programmes can be created to choose for hens with greater resistance because some breeds have been discovered to be more resistant to the virus than others.
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