Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis is a condition that affects the eyes. It is triggered by allergens, such as pollen and pet dander. It occurs in children, especially boys, and can cause eye damage if not treated properly. It usually clears up once a person reaches puberty. However, it may return in some people. Vernal keratoconjunctiviti causes itching, tearing, burning, blurred vision and photophobia. It can be severe and lasts all year. Patients may also develop a whitish, crusty deposit on the cornea (the clear window of the eye). vernal keratoconjunctiviti usually occurs in the upper tarsal conjunctiva in either the bulbar or palpebral form. In the palpebral form, dusky red triangular congestion of the bulbar conjunctiva is found in the palpebral area, while a gelatinous thickened accumulation of tissue is present around the limbus.
In the bulbar form, a characteristic lesion is seen with hard, flat-topped papillae arranged in a cobblestone or pavement stone fashion or hypertrophy of cauliflower-like excrescences of ‘giant’ papillae. Treatment for Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis includes avoiding allergens that may trigger the disease, as well as antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer therapy. In some cases, topical corticosteroids may be prescribed as add-on therapy for persistent disease or during acute exacerbations. These medications should be carefully tapered once symptoms are controlled to avoid adverse events. Vernal Keratoconjunctiviti (VKC) is a chronic, bilateral, seasonal allergic conjunctival and corneal inflammatory disease that can be sight-threatening. It can affect children and young adults, especially those who live in warm climates. The symptoms of Vernal Keratoconjunctiviti are severe ocular itching, watering, redness and swelling of the eyelids. It can be triggered by exposure to certain allergens, such as pollen or dust. A doctor can diagnose Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis by examining the eyes and looking for signs of inflammation. He or she will also consider a history of other ocular allergies and skin conditions. Vernal Keratoconjunctiviti is usually self-limiting and resolves in most patients after puberty. However, some people continue to experience the condition throughout adulthood. In some cases, it can cause permanent eye damage. Treatment is aimed at reducing the symptoms and preventing further flare-ups. It may involve antihistamines, atopic dermatitis medications, topical corticosteroids and surgical intervention. Vernal Keratoconjunctiviti (VKC) is a rare and chronic conjunctivitis that can result in permanent vision loss if left untreated. Typically, it affects children and resolves after puberty. It can be difficult to diagnose and is often misdiagnosed as an ocular allergy. There are several different treatment options for Vernal Keratoconjunctiviti. Depending on the severity of the inflammation, corticosteroids can be prescribed in short pulses to control symptoms. In addition, topical cyclosporine (CsA) may be used as a first-line treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe or persistent Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis. CsA is immunosuppressive and can help reduce the number of inflammatory cells in the eye. The diagnosis of Vernal Keratoconjunctiviti is made clinically based on history and ocular examination. The disease is divided into three clinical subtypes based on the location of the papillae. These include the tarsal form, the palpebral form, and the bulbar form.
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November 2023
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