Posterior segment eye disorders include diseases affecting the retina, optic nerve, and choroid. These disorders cause severe vision loss and are a major health concern for the global population. Glaucoma as posterior segment eye disorder is one of the leading causes of blindness, and is caused by a build-up of pressure in the eyes. It damages the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain. It’s usually picked up during a routine eye test, so it’s important to get regular checks.
Glaucoma is a group of posterior segment eye disorder that cause damage to the optic nerve. This can result in blind spots or total loss of vision. Most people with posterior segment eye disorder keep their sight through medications and regular eye exams. Some people also get surgery to reduce pressure in their eyes, such as a drainage flap or an implant to make a new drainage valve. Those at highest risk of developing glaucoma are those who have a family history of the disease or certain other medical conditions. They are also at high risk if they have an autoimmune condition, diabetes or have had surgery on their eyes. Symptoms of posterior segment eye disorder include blurred vision, pain, seeing rainbow-like halos around lights and other symptoms that may change from day to day or occur suddenly. It is important to seek immediate medical attention for anyone who has any of these symptoms so that they don’t lose their vision. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) as posterior segment eye disorder is the leading cause of severe loss of central vision in people over 50. Fortunately, AMD rarely causes blindness because peripheral (side) vision remains unaffected. It occurs when a small area of the retina called the macula is damaged. The macula is important for reading, recognizing faces and driving. In some cases, people with Posterior Segment Eye Disorders may experience hallucinations or dreamlike experiences. These are not a sign of a mental health problem. During a dilated eye exam, an eye doctor can diagnose macular degeneration. During the exam, the doctor may look for white spots called drusen. These spots are tiny deposits of cellular waste products and immune system proteins. Diabetic retinopathy as posterior segment eye disorder is an eye condition that occurs when diabetes affects the blood vessels in the eyes. These tiny blood vessels carry oxygen and nutrients to the retina, which is a light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. If patients have diabetes, the doctor can detect changes in the blood vessels in the retina during a dilated eye exam. They'll look for blood vessels that are leaking fluid, hemorrhaging or forming a hardening or scarring. The doctor may also do a fluorescein angiography to help them find out which blood vessels are leaking or breaking. This can help the doctor pinpoint the cause of the damage and prevent further problems related to Posterior Segment Eye Disorders. The doctor can treat the symptoms of non proliferative diabetic retinopathy with medication that helps the blood vessels to leak less fluid and grow new, healthier blood vessels. These medications are called anti-VEGF drugs and can reduce swelling, improve vision and slow the progression of the disease. There are several causes of posterior segment eye disorder, but aging is the most common. Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, and taking steroids, like prednisone, also increase the chance of getting a cataract.
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November 2023
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